近10年来乌鲁木齐市环境空气质量变化趋势分析

Trend analysis on air quality variation of Urumqi City in recent ten years

利用2002—2011年环境空气质量监测数据,采用Daniel趋势检验法对乌鲁木齐市空气质量变化趋势进行分析研究,确定大气中的主要污染物,探讨环境空气质量变化的影响因素,并提出改善环境空气质量的综合治理措施.结果表明,2002—2011年乌鲁木齐市空气中主要污染物是SO2和PM10,呈现典型的煤烟型污染特征.SO2呈显著下降趋势,NO2呈显著上升趋势,PM10呈下降趋势,变化不显著.近年来乌鲁木齐市通过采取综合治理措施,整体大气环境质量呈现好转趋势,但由于经济的快速发展和气象因素的共同影响,空气环境污染防治任务仍很艰巨,必须继续采取综合、系统的措施,以实现改善环境空气质量的目标.

With the analytical data on air quality of Urumqi during the period of 2002 to 2011, this paper takes out a trend analysis on air quality variation of Urumqi with the method of Daniel Test for Trend. According to this analytical data of Urumqi in this period, this paper tries to find out the key pollutants and the main causes in these years, as well as list some corresponding managements to improve the air quality of Urumqi. Then the results of this trend analysis in this paper indicate that the main air pollutants of Urumqi were sulfur dioxide（SO2）and PM10 particles during 2002--2011. Typically, its air pollution type is smog and particles pollution. According to the results, the content of sulfur dioxide（SO2） declined carbon dioxide（COz） increased and PM10 particles decreased slightly in entire. In the end, this paper mentions the effects of the comprehensive managements that the municipal government of Urumqi has been made on environmental improvement in the past, and the great challenges that the municipal government of Urumqi will be faced in the future. In recent years, with the complement of these improvements, its air quality became better. Meanwhile, the municipal government of Urumqi has to take out a more comprehensive and systematic plan in entirety on air quality improvement with many challenges, such as the rapid economic development and the improvement of people＇s living standards.