不同化学脱水剂对谷子机械收获产量的影响

Effect of Different Chemical Drying Agents on the Mechanical Harvesting Yieid in Foxtail Millet

为谷子机械化收获筛选合适的脱水剂施用技术,以衡谷10号为试材,在谷子蜡熟期喷施不同浓度的立收谷、草甘膦和乙烯利进行催熟,研究不同脱水剂及施用浓度对谷子植株脱水效果和收获产量的影响。结果表明:立收谷脱水速度快、效果明显,乙烯利和草甘膦脱水速度较缓慢;3种化学脱水剂虽对谷子穗重、穗粒重和千粒重产生了一定的负面作用,但对谷子产量无显著影响,可以有效减少机械收获损失,其中,立收谷3000和2250 mg/hm2浓度处理、乙烯利5000 mg/kg浓度处理的机械收获产量分别较理想状态下损失率为0的收获产量(4018.72 kg/hm2)增加6.68%、1.38%和1.61%。谷子生产上采用机械收获时,推荐使用2250～3000 mg/hm2的立收谷溶液进行化学脱水,可获得理想效果,不仅产量高,而且脱水效果好。

To select the application technology of appropriate chemical drying agent tor mechanical harvesting of millet, different concentrations of Diquat, glyphosate and CEPA were sprayed at the millet mature period to accelerate the ripening, and the effects of different chemical drying agents and application concentrations on plant dehydration effect and mechanical harvesting yieid of Henggu No. 10 were studied. The results showed that the dehydration speed of Diquat was fast and the effect was obvious, the dehydration speed of glyphosate and CEPA was slow. Although having some negative effects on panicle weight, grain weight per spike and 1000-grain weight, 3 kinds of chemical drying agents had no significant difference on the millet yield and could effectively reduce the harvesting losses. The mechanical harvesting yields of 2250 mg/hm2 and 3 000 mg/hm2 of Diquat, 5 000 mg/kg of CEPA were higher than control by 6.68%, 1.38% and 1.61% .2 250 -3 000 mg/hm2 of Diquat was recommended for chemical drying in the millet production by mechanical harvest.