黄萎病发生级别对棉花产量和纤维品质的影响

Effects of Occurrence Grade of Verticillium Wilt on the Yield and Fiber Quality of Cotton

利用田间病圃对3个转基因抗虫棉品种冀丰522、冀丰106和石抗39进行了抗黄萎病鉴定,并从每个品种中选择45个单株分株计产,按株取样检验纤维品质,分析了棉株黄萎病不同级别对棉花产量和纤维品质的影响;以棉株不同发病级别为自变量、以参试品种重要经济性状的平均值为依变量,对黄萎病发病级别与重要经济性状之间的关系进行相关性分析,并建立了回归方程。结果表明:3个品种均表现耐黄萎病;黄萎病发生后,棉花产量和纤维品质均显著降低,且降低幅度随着发病级别的增加而增大,其中,1级、2级、3级、4级病株的皮棉产量较健康植株分别降低23.57%、46.78%、66.39%和81.31%,幅度均达到了极显著水平;黄萎病级别与皮棉减产率、子棉减产率、衣分、单铃重、单株铃数以及纤维长度、比强度和马克隆值的相关性均达到了极显著水平,棉株黄萎病发病程度每提高1个级别,单株皮棉减产20.328%、单株子棉减产19.945%、衣分下降0.793%、单铃重下降0.618 g、单株结铃数减少2.263个、纤维长度相对减少0.513 mm、比强度下降0.773 cN/tex、马克隆值下降0.223。

The resistance to Verticillium wilt of 3 transgenic cotton varieties （Jifeng 522, Jifeng 106, were identified in the field disease nursery, 45 plants from each variety in the trial were randomly Shikang 39） picked up for analysis the effects of different occurrence grades of Verticillium wilt on yield and fiber quality. The correlation relationship between occurrence grades and important economic traits were analyzed taking different occurrence grades as the argument and important economic traits as the dependent variable, and the regression equation was established. The results showed that 3 varieties were all resistant to the disease. The yield and fiber quality were significantly decreased, and the decrease was increased with the increasing of occurrence grade after the occurrence of Verticillium wilt. The lint yields of grade 1, grade 2, grade 3, grade 4 were decreased compared with the healthy plant by 23.57%, 46. 78%, 66.39% and 81.31%, and there were all significant diffrences. The correlation between occurrence .grades and lint yield reduction rate, seed yield reduction rate, lint percentage, boll weight, boll number per plant, fiber length, strength, micronaire value were all reached extremely significant level. The lint yield and seed yield per plant were reduced by 20. 328% and 19. 945%, lint percentage, boll weight, boll number per plant were decreased by 0. 793%, 0. 618 g and 2. 263, and the fiber length, strength, micronaire value were decreased by 0. 513 mm, 0. 773 cN/tex and 0. 223 with the increasing of every 1 levels of occurrence grade of Verticillium wilt.