再生天然丝蛋白的分子构象转化特征与机理的研究现状

Research Status of Characteristics and Mechanism of Molecular Conformational Transformation of Regenerated Natural Silk Protein

天然丝再生制得的丝蛋白材料的性能,尤其是力学性能,很大程度上取决于丝蛋白的二级结构即构象,溶剂和金属离子是诱导丝蛋白分子构象转变的两个重要外部因素。综述了溶剂、金属离子、pH值等因素对再生天然丝蛋白分子构象转变的影响,总结了丝蛋白分子构象转变的机理。除剪切力等外力作用外,溶剂和金属离子对构象转变的影响较为显著,两者都是通过破坏丝蛋白原有疏水结构的稳定性诱导分子构象的转变。了解外源性因素对丝素蛋白二级结构的影响,可以为高性能再生天然丝蛋白材料的制备条件提供优化的指导性信息。

The properties of silk protein materials made from regenerated natural silk, especially mechanical properties, depend largely on the secondary structure of silk protein, i.e. conformation. The solvent and the metal ion are two important external factors inducing transformation of silk protein molecular conformation. This paper introduces the influences of solvent, metal ion, pH value and other factors on molecular eonformational transformation of regenerated natural silk protein and summarizes the mechanism of molecular eonformational transformation of silk protein. The researches show that except the shear force and other external forces, solvent and metal ion influence conformational transformation significantly. Both of them induce eonformational transformation by destroying the stability of original hydrophobic structure of silk protein. Regenerated natural silk protein material receives more and more attention owning to its wide application prospect. This study can provide optimized guiding information for preparation of high-performance regenerated natural silk protein material.