湖南省城乡收入差距的测度、分解及发展趋势分析

On Measurement, Decomposition and Development Trend of Urban-rural Income Gap in Hunan

湖南省城乡收入比自2007年以来出现了连续下降的趋势，该指标表明湖南省城乡收入差距正在逐年缩小，总体居民收入差距出现了拐点。但城乡收入比的指标过于粗略，很难准确反映出城乡收入差距的大小和变动趋势。文章采用泰尔指数系统测度了湖南省1997-2012年城乡收入差距的大小并进行分解，同时以σ收敛检验了城乡收入差距发展趋势，研究结果表明：湖南省城乡收入差距仍在持续扩大、对总体居民收入差距仍旧贡献最大、未来发展趋势没有明显收敛，难以得出湖南省总体居民收入差距出现拐点的结论。

The urban-rural income ratio of Hunan province has appeared a declining trend since 2007.This index indicated that the urban-rural income gap has been shrinking year by year and the overall income disparity appeared an inflection point, but this index was too rough to accurately reflect the size and tendency of the urban-rural income gap. Taking the 1997-2012 income data＇s of Hunan province for example, this article systematically measured the size of urban-rural income gap with Theil Index and tested the development tendency of this gap by using the convergence, as well as decomposing the Theil Index. The results show that the Urban-rural income gap is continuously enlarging and make the biggest contribution to the overall income gap. The future development tendency of this gap has no obvious convergence. It is difficult to draw a conclusion that the overall income gap of residents in our country has a inflection point.