人民调解与民事司法衔接十年考(2002～2012)

Review of the Convergence of People's Mediation and Civil Justice for a Period of 10 Years(2002-2012)

2002～2012年十年间,人民调解与民事司法衔接无论在国家文本还是在地方实践中都有很大发展。这是党和政府构建和谐社会指导思想,村(居)民委员会人民调解功能弱化,法院面临双重困境和国外法院附设调解影响共同促成的结果。人民调解与民事司法的衔接促进了人民调解自身发展,缓解了法院压力,节约了当事人的维权成本。然而,人民调解与民事司法的衔接实践中也存在着诸如当事人诉权和诉讼权利保障不足、法院附设调解委员会的人员组成不合理、诉前委托人民调解与启动诉讼的程序衔接不畅等问题。为更好发挥人民调解与民事司法衔接的作用,应充分保障当事人诉权和诉讼权利,调整法院附设调解委员会的人员组成,理顺诉前委托人民调解与启动诉讼的程序衔接。

The convergence of people＇s mediation and civil justice has got significant development both in legal and policy texts and local practice during ten years （ 2002 - 2012 ）. This is because of building a harmonious society, the function weakening of the villagers＇ committee mediation and the residents＇ committee mediation, the courts facing the double dilemma, and the annexed mediation in the influence of foreign courts. This convergence has promoted the development of people＇s mediation, alleviated the pressure on court and saved remedy costs for the parties. However, there are also some problems in the convergence. For example, the protection of the party＇s rights to appeal and litigation rights is insufficient; the personnel composition of the court-annexed mediation committee is unreasonable; the convergence of the entrusting people＇s mediation before lawsuit and prosecution procedure is not favorable. To make the convergence of people＇s mediation and civil justice play a better role, the party＇s rights to appeal and litigation rights should be fully protected; the personnel composition of the court-annexed mediation committee should be reformed; and the convergence of the entrusting people＇s mediation before lawsuit and prosecution procedure should be rationalized.