皂市水电站土地利用与景观格局变化

Change of Land Use and Landscape Pattern of Hydropower in Zaoshi

基于皂市水电站评价区2000年和2010年Landsat-TM影像遥感数据,在图像处理软件的支持下,结合野外实地考察,获得了土地利用现状图。通过对数据的统计分析,研究了评价区近10年来土地利用和景观格局的动态变化。研究表明:林地和灌草地是评价区内的主要土地利用类型;其中灌草地和耕地面积减少的比例最多,分别为1.69%和1.57%;水域和建设用地有所增加,其中水域的面积增加了1 230.76 hm2,是增长面积最多的土地利用类型。变化的原因主要是经济的发展、人口数量的增长及国家政策的实施。在组成景观生态系统的各类组分中,模地是景观的背景区域,它在很大程度上决定了景观的性质,对景观的动态起着主导作用。在本工程评价区各拼块的优势度值中,林地是评价区内的模地,对景观具有控制作用的生态体系部分。建库后土地利用格局发生了变化,其中水域拼块因水库蓄水使其重要性提高,其优势度由水库蓄水前的4.57%上升到7.68%。

Based on the Landsat-TM images remote sensing data of the evaluation area of Zaoshi hydropower in the years of 2000 and 2010,the land use maps was obtained by means of processing software support combined with field investigation.Dynamic changes of land use and landscape pattern in the area for 10 years were studied through statistical analysis of the data.The results showed that： the main land use types in the evaluation were the woodland and shrub;the within proportion of shrub and cultivate area was decreased by up to 1.69% and 1.57%;the area of waters and construction land were increased.In addition,the area of the waters was increased 1 230.76 hm2,was the most growth land use type.The reasons for the changes were the economic development,population growth and the implementation of national policy.In the components of the landscape ecosystem,mold land was the background area of the landscape.Mold land not only played a leading role in the dynamic landscape,but also determined the nature of the landscape largely.In the dominance value of various pieces in the evaluation of the project area,the mode land was woodland which plays a control part of the landscape in the ecological system.After the reservoir was built,the pattern of land use changed.The importance of waters piece was enhanced by the reservoir storage.The dominance of waters had increased from 4.57% to 7.68% before the impoundment.