桂西黔南国家重点保护植物的地理分布、保护现状及对策

Distribution patterns,preserve situations and countermeasures of the national key protected plants of biodiversity conservation priority area in western Guangxi and southern Guizhou

基于实地考察、文献资料和标本数据,借助GIS技术构建桂西黔南生物多样性保护优先区的39种国家重点保护植物空间地理分布格局,结合30m空间分辨率遥感影像解译的植被与地表覆盖数据,研究该优先区内的国家重点保护物种的生境与植被类型的关系及保护现状,并就优先区国家重点保护植物的地理分布格局分析优先区以外的保护空缺。此外,对优先区近二十年来的植被与地表覆盖特征的时空变化进行分析研究,结果优先区的人居用地、湿地(包括水库)面积分别增加67.75km2和371.11km2,森林面积相对稳定,灌丛和草丛面积分别减少230.69km2和174.70km2。该地区的国家重点保护植物正面临着生境退化和丧失的威胁。在此基础上对国家重点保护植物今后的保护及监测提出了对策和建议,为生物多样性研究、保护空缺分析、植被时空变化研究以及动态监测等方面的工作提供借鉴。

The distribution patterns were studied based on the field investigated data,enormous literature and specimens data,preserving situations and preserve gap about these 39 species in biodiversity conservation priority area in west Guangxi and south Guizhou based on combining the distributed geo-spatial information of the national key protected plants with the vegetation and land cover types of this priority area coming from remote sensing data with the help of GIS.The spatial and temporal variations of the vegetation and surface coverage characteristics in this priority area during the past twenty years were analyzed and the results showed that human residential land and constructed wetland（artificial reservoir,water resources construction）increased 67.75 km2 and 371.11 km2,but shrub and grassland decreased 230.69 km2 and 174.70 km2.Forest area was relatively stable.The national key protected plants of this region were being threatened by habitats loss and degradation,and the authors presented the countermeasure and suggestion for the future protection of the national key protected plants.This study would provide evidences for biodiversity research,preserve gap analysis,vegetation spatial and temporal change research and dynamic monitoring works.