高性能竹基纤维复合材料制造技术

Manufacturing Technology of Bamboo-based Fiber Composites with High-Performance

针对我国竹材人造板工业发展过程中遇到的竹材青黄界面有效胶合和竹材单板化利用技术难题,中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所开发了竹材单板化制造技术、纤维原位可控分离技术、酚醛树脂梯级导入技术和竹基纤维复合材料成型技术等多项技术,研制了多功能竹单板疏解机,建立了竹基复合材料制造技术平台,开发风电桨叶基材、全竹集装箱底板、室外园林景观用材、建筑梁柱、家具、火车车厢底板、水泥模板及建筑撑木等8种竹基纤维复合材料,使毛竹等大径竹材的一次利用率从20%～50%提高至90%以上,使丛生竹、小径毛竹、其他散生杂竹等未能工业化利用的竹材得到高效利用。

Aiming to give a technical solution to the problems such as the bonding problem of outer and inner bamboo culms and utilization of bamboo veneer in the development process of the bamboo-based panel industry in China, Research Institute of Wood Industry under Chinese Academy of Forestry developed a number of technology including bamboo veneer manufacturing technology, controllable separating technology of bamboo fiber, in situ, gradient impregnating technology of phenolic resin and manufacturing technology of bamboo-based fiber composites; originated the multifunctional bamboo veneer fluffer; built a new technology platform for manufacturing of bamboo-based fiber composites; and developed 8 kinds of bamboo-based fiber composites such as wind turbine, container floor, garden landscape, wood structural beam-column, furniture, train compartment floor, cement template and building timber. With the technologies, the yield of large-sized moso bamboo （Phyllostachys pubescen） increased from 20%-50% to more than 90%, and the sympodial bamboo, small-sized moso bamboo and other monopodial bamboo have been used more effectively.