广州市不同户籍人群心理健康状况及影响因素分析

Mental health status and its influencing factors among permanent and floating population in Guangzhou city

目的比较广东省广州市户籍人口与流动人口心理健康现状,分析其影响因素,为有针对性地进行干预提供科学依据。方法于2009年3—6月采用方便抽样的方法对广州市871人进行问卷调查,其中广州户籍613人,流动人口258人。结果广州户籍人口与流动人口的社会支持总分分别为(60.11±11.39)和(57.21±13.33)分,均处于中间支持状态;户籍人口家庭支持、朋友支持、其他支持3个维度得分分别为(20.83±4.35)、(19.87±4.16)、(19.42±4.11)分,均高于流动人口的(19.73±5.07)、(18.79±4.79)、(18.69±4.83)分,差异均有统计学意义(t=3.030、3.133、2.140,P<0.05);广州户籍人口的心理健康得分为(15.93±5.39)分,高于流动人口的(14.19±4.81)分,差异有统计学意义(t=4.700,P<0.001);多因素logistic回归分析结果表明,户籍类型、自评躯体健康状况和社会支持得分是居民心理健康状况的影响因素。结论外地户籍、自评躯体健康状况较差、社会支持程度较低者心理健康状况较差。

Objective To compare the mental health status and its influencing factors among permanent and floating population in Guangzhou for the promotion of mental health.Methods Convenience sampling was used to investigate 613 permanant residents and 258 floating persons in Guangzhou city.Results The overall scores of social support for permanent and floating population were 60.11±11.39 and 57.21±13.33.The scores of family support,friendly support,and other support for permanent population were higher than those of floating population（P＆lt;0.05 for all）.Mental health status of permanent population was better than that of floating population.The WHO-5 Well-Being Index for permanent population was 15.93±5.39,higher than that of floating population（14.19±4.81）.Results of logistic regression analyses showed that type of household registration,self-assessment of health,and social support were influencing factors of mental health for the residents.Conclusion Without local residence registration is a risk factor of low mental health status and good self-assessment health and social support are protective factors of mental health among the residents of Guangzhou.