鄱阳湖流域重金属污染研究现状分析

Research review and analysis of the heavy metal pollution in-situ of Poyang Lake and its surrounding river basin

综述了30年以来国内外关于鄱阳湖流域重金属污染的研究,并就重金属污染的监测、评价以及修复等方面内容的研究现状进行了分析,讨论并提出了未来鄱阳湖流域重金属污染研究应重点加强的几个方向:实时便捷的高科技污染监测技术研究,重金属污染积累的时间趋势及历史过程研究,重金属污染阻断与修复的工程技术研究。

This paper intends to provide a research review of the heavy metal pollution of Poyang Lake and its surrounding river basin in the past thirty years both at home and abroad. As is known, Poyang lake is the largest fresh water body and one of the principal zones suffering from the heavy metal pollution in the lakes of China. And, it is just for this reason that it has become one of the research focuses for years. In spite of this, there remains lack of researches needed in a number of reasons, namely, in four aspects, the invest-i gation evaluation and forecasting of the pollution condition, the distributive characteristics and heavymetal speciation research, pollution monitoring, pollution evaluation and remediation measures. All the above said indicates that the current studies of Poyang Lake and its surrounding river basin are far from being enough to satisfy the actual need if we want to pursue an overall systematic research and the research about the different valence states so as to fully grasp the heavy metal pollution situation and take timely countermeasures. Moreover, what is really needed is the development and application of up-to-date advanced pollution monitoring technology and scientific and technological means to engage in such kinds of research. What is more important, heavy metal pollution research is quite a complicated process/operation; it demands large-scale cooperative efforts of mult-i disciplinary and cross-disciplinary scholars from eco-environmental, chemical, biological, medical and agronomical science and the other fields concerned. So we do believe that it be necessary to encourage and promote the following research fields： （1） rea-l time advanced digitized pollution monitoring technology. （2） The time trend and historical process of the heavymetal accumulation and contamination. （3） engineering sciences of heavymetal pollution control and remed-i ation. At the same time, we would also like to give a discussion of the research trends of heavy metal pollution monitoring, the application prospects of the technology and equipment for heavy metal pollution monitoring and control in the ecological environment safety diagnosis of Poyang lake basin, which should be based on the principle of photographic image-shooting and hyper-spectrum image and photograph analysis. Last of all, it is particularly necessary to emphasize that a comprehensive monitoring and control of the heavy-metal pollution of the whole lake and its surrounding basin should be done in a well planned way with the aid of unmanned aerial remote-sensing vehicle.