2001—2012年我国煤与瓦斯突出事故基本特征及发生规律研究

On the basic characteristic features and incidental regularity of coal and gas outbursts in China since from 2001 to 2012

通过对2001—2012年我国煤矿所发生的417起煤与瓦斯突出事故的统计分析,总结出该阶段我国煤矿煤与瓦斯突出事故的两个基本特征,并依据这两个基本特征对突出事故发生的原因进行了分类。突出事故起数和死亡人数统计表明,我国煤与瓦斯突出事故发生频率呈南高北低的特点,导致的死亡人数也是南多北少。其中较大事故多发,造成的死亡总人数最多,占事故总起数的62.11%,占总死亡人数的46.0%;特别重大事故较少发生,仅占事故总起数的2.39%,但造成的死亡人数较多,占总死亡人数的19.9%。根据事故发生原因及特点,瓦斯矿井所发生的突出事故原因符合第一类基本特征;突出矿井所发生的突出事故原因符合第二类基本特征;高瓦斯矿井除了符合第一类基本特征外,在管理方面和勘探方面也基本符合第二类基本特征。

This article is aimed at making a research review of the basic characteristic features and incidental regularity of coal and gas outbursts in China since 2001.So far as we know,among the 417 accidents of coal and gas outbursts that have ever taken place in China since 2001 we have statistically analyzed,two basic characteristic features can be summarized of such outburst accidents in the country at the present stage.So far as we have got to know,the causes leading to such outburst accidents can be classified into two basic categories,according to the outburst frequency and according to the death tolls.From the two aspects of the regularity of gas outbursts,the accidents in China after 2001 were directly displayed in a variety of graphical ways,such as in a pie chart,histogram,trends,and rings.The statistical results show that there has been a greater accident frequency in the south than that in the north of China.As a matter of fact,Hunan and Guizhou are the places with the most frequent and serious coal mine accidents in the country,followed by Chongqing,Sichuan,Henan and Yunnan.Among them,large,serious accidents account for 62.11% of the total number.If accounts go on according to the death rolls and number of death,46% of the total death attributes to the greatest cases of casualty,though,the particularly serious coal-mine accidents occur less frequently,only about 2.39% of the total.But the death toll is much greater,accounting for 19.90% of all the casualty.If the comparison goes on between the coal and gas cases,more accidents of the gas outbursts take place of the two,the causes of which are consistent with the first class of basic characteristics.The causes leading to the outbursts in the high gas mines not only are in accordance with the first class of basic characteristics,but also come in line with the second class of basic characteristics in terms of management and exploitation.