从过程视野看作为后现代理论和实践的生态美学

Panel Discussion on Frontiers in International Environmental Aesthetics and Ecological Aesthetics

生态美学不仅是理论上的讨论，更是一种实践，我将在文章后部分讨论这种实践。在此之前，我有必要简单地讨论一下什么类型的理论适合当今的生态审美。我的基本观点很简单：生态美学需要从现代主义的观点转向建设性的后现代主义观点。根据现代主义的观点，知识和美之间没有关联，或者说它们是对立的。站在现代西方哲学的立场上，对事物做出科学分析或者马克思主义式的分析，就意味着忽略或排除审美的维度。与此相反，知识和美这两个维度在建设性的后现代主义视角中却整合在了一起——它们互相补充，共同构成一个复杂现象，亦即人类生活。

In its essence, aesthetics refer to the theory concerning sense experiences, whose academic scope has been tremendously expanded from the one confined to nature represented in art and landscape to almost all appreciation experi- ences. The shift of aesthetics towards the postmodern paradigm has revolutionized the aesthetic theory and practice, and de- constructed a number of biases from modernism. The three authors in this panel discussion approached the frontiers of inter- national environmental aesthetics and ecological aesthetics from different perspectives. The American scholar, Arnold Ber- leant, has long been committed to the study of environmental aesthetics. In his article ＂On Environmental Perception＂, he states that aesthetics is a theory concerning sense experiences, defines the eight dimensions of aesthetic perception, and an- alyzes the capability of environmental perception, providing inspiration for us to reflect upon the basic principles of aesthet- ics and the core issues of environmental aesthetics. The Finnish scholar, Yrjot Sepanmaa, is one of the pioneers of environ- mental aesthetics. His article entitled ＂Civilized Attitude towards Environment＂ discusses the issues of environmental edu- cation, ringing an alarm for the Chinese people suffering haze and other traumatic environmental crises. The American scholar, Philip Clayton, whose main academic areas is not aesthetics, loves the traditional Chinese aesthetic theories and contemporary ecological aesthetics. His article ＂Looking at Ecological Aesthetics as Post-modern Theory and Practice from the Perspective of Process＂ tries to define ecological aesthetics as a lifestyle based on communicating between Chinese and Western process philosophies, and proposes the practice of cherishing nature from the angle of integrated beauty and value. His article is also of important reference value.