5种水培植物对富营养化水体的净化能力

Purification of eutrophic water by five aqua-cultured plants

为了研究水培植物对富营养化水体的净化能力,将莴笋(Lactuca sativa var.angustata)、空心菜(Ipomoeaaquatica)、番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum)、生菜(Lactuca sativa var.ramosa)和黄瓜(Cucumis sativus)5种蔬菜放置于富营养化水体中培养,定期测定水体中总氮和总磷含量的变化。实验结果表明,水培莴笋、空心菜、番茄、生菜和黄瓜对富营养化水体中总氮的去除率分别为66.45%、91.28%、93.74%、93.04%和90.11%;对总磷的去除率分别为96.44%、97.48%、85.62%、88.08%和90.97%。比较5种水培蔬菜单位鲜重的总氮和总磷去除能力,结果表明,生菜的总氮和总磷去除能力最强,分别为0.69 mg/(L.g FW)和0.06 mg/(L.g FW),可作为净化富营养化水体优先选择的植物物种。

In order to investigate the capability of the purification of eutrophic water by aqua-cultured plants, 5 kinds of terrestrial vegetables, Lactuca sativa var. angustata, Ipomoea aquatica, Lycopersicon esculentum, Lactuca sativa var. ramose and Cucumis sativus, were cultured in an aqua-cultured system. Total nitrogen and total phosphorus were detected regularly during the culture period of aquaculture in the eutrophic water. The results indicated that the removal rates of total nitrogen by the five hydroponic vegetables were 66.45%, 91.28%, 93.74%, 93.04% and 90.11%, respectively and the removal rates of total phosphorus were 96.44%, 97.48%, 88.08%, 90.00% and 90.97%, respectively. Compared the removal capability of total nitrogen and total phosphorus by per unit fresh weight of 5 aqua-cultured plants, the results showed that Lactuca sativa var. ramose had the strongest capability to remove the nitrogen and phosphorus, which was 0.69 mg/（L·g FW） and 0.06 mg/（L·g FW）, respectively, implying that it could be an optimal plant for remedying eutrophic water.