腰神经后支卡压的应用解剖学研究

Applied anatomical study of the compression of posterior ramus of lumbar nerve

目的 :观测腰神经后支骨纤维孔与腰神经后支卡压的关系。方法 :在 2 0具成人尸体标本上 ,观察腰神经后支与腰神经后支骨纤维孔的解剖学关系 ;测量该孔的纵横径及其体表定位。结果 :腰神经后支先穿过腰神经后支骨纤维孔后再分为内侧支和外侧支等 ;该孔L3 的纵、横径为 5 6± 0 9mm、 3 4± 0 5mm ,而L5的纵、横径为 3 5± 0 3mm、 2 1± 0 2mm ;L4、5横突间韧带的厚度分别为 1 5± 0 7mm、 2 0± 0 8mm ;体表定位在相对应的各腰椎平面距后正中线外侧约 30～ 40mm处。结论 :腰神经后支骨纤维孔的结构特点是造成腰神经后支卡压的形态学基础 。

Objective:To explore the primary factor of the compression of posterior ramus of lumbar nerve.Methods:The relationship of the position between posterior ramus of lumbar nerve and bone fibrous foramen,the diameter of the canal and its location were observed on 20 adult cadavers.Results:The longitudinal and transverse diameters of the foramen L\-3 were 5.6±0.9mm and 3.4±0.5mm,L\-5 3.5±0.3mm and 2.1±0.2mm respectively.The intertransverse ligament of L\-\{4-5\} was 1.5±0.7mm and 2.0±0.8mm in thickness.The location was 30～40mm on both sides of the middle line of corresponding lumbar vertebra.Conclusion:The characteristics of the structure of bone fibrous foramen are the morphological basis for compression of posterior ramus of lumbar nerve and provide the anatomical basis for clinical treatment of lumbar back pains.