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圈地运动之前对公地制度的侵蚀与反侵蚀

Erosion of Common Fields System and the Struggle against It before English Parliamentary Enclosure
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摘要 本文以英国的史实为主,法国的史实为辅,探讨了大规模圈地运动之前英国和法国的公地制度长期经历的侵蚀与反侵蚀的斗争。本文试图说明,近代圈地运动的兴起,公地制度的衰亡,圈地者同反圈地者之间剧烈的冲突,决非突然发生,而是有着非常深远的历史根源。 Supported by some French historical facts, this essay describes the erosion of Common Fields System and the struggle against it before English Parliamentary Enclosure. The author tries to show that the rise of the Enclosure Movement, the fall of Common Fields System, and the violent clashes between people to enclose common fields and those to defense them,all had very long historical origins.
作者 赵文洪
机构地区 中国社会科学院世界历史研究所
出处 《安徽史学》 CSSCI 北大核心 2013年第4期5-12,共8页 Historical Research In Anhui
关键词 公地制度 英国 法国 侵蚀 反侵蚀 Common Fields System England France erosion anti - erosion
分类号 K561.3 [历史地理—世界史]
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参考文献20

  • 1Gregory Clark : "Commons Sense : Common Property Rights, Efficiency, and Institutional Change", The Journal of Economic History, Vol. 58, No. 1. ( Mar,. 1998), pp. 73-102.
  • 2Alan R. H. Baker," Open Fields and Partible Inher- itance on a Kent Manor", The Economic History Review, New Series,Vol. 17 ,No. 1. (1964) ,pp. 21-22.
  • 3J. A. Yelling, Common Field and Enclosure in Eng- land 1450-1850,The Macmillan Press Lid, London and Basingstoke, 1977, pp. 147,148.
  • 4Donald N. McCloskey( University of Chicago), "The Enclosure of Open Fields: Preface to a Study of Its Impact on the Efficiency of English Agriculture in the Eighteenth Century", The Journal of Economic History, Vol. 32, No. 1, The Task of Economic History (Mar. , 1972) ,p. 15.
  • 5(苏)波梁斯基著、郭吴新等译:《外国经济史(资本主义时代)》,三联书店1958年版,第24页.
  • 6Joan Thirsk," The Common Fields" , Past and Pres- ent,No. 29. ( Dec. 1964) ,p. 3.
  • 7Gilbert Slater, English Peasantry and the Enclosure of the Common F/elds,London,1907 ,p. 156.
  • 8S. R. Eyre," The Upward Limit of Enclosure on the East Moor of North Derbyshire", Transactions and Papers ( Institute of British Geographers ), No. 23. ( 1957 ), pp. 65--67.
  • 9W. E. Tate, The English Village Community and the Enclosure Movements, London, Victor Gollancz Ltd, 1967, p. 44.
  • 10S. A. Mileson ,Parks in Medieval England, Oxford University Press ,2009, p. 174.
安徽史学
2013年 第4期

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