论翻译过程中的“愚忠”与“明忠”

On the “Mechanic Faithfulness” and “Wise Faithfulness” in Translation

翻译过程中"忠实"与"通顺"要兼而顾之,这在理论上说简单易懂,然而在翻译实践中,如何处理两者的关系却十分不易。提出翻译过程中有"愚忠"与"明忠"之分。"愚忠"是"死译"、"硬译"之法,会导致受众阅读过程不愉快、误读、产品滞销等不良后果,甚至会严重影响外宣实效。"明忠"则指在充分考虑译入语受众接受能力的情况下忠实于原文形式并完美传递原文信息,或者在译入语生硬或受众无法接受的情况下采用忠实原文意义的翻译方法。译者要消除"愚忠"坚持"明忠"。

It is theoretically easy to consider, in translation, ＂faithfulness＂ and ＂smoothness＂ at the same time but in practice not. This paper proposes that there exists ＂mechanic faithfulness＂ and ＂wise faithfulness＂. The former means to translate mechanically without thinking of the target readers＇ acceptation of the translation while the latter to perfectly render the source language based on the full consideration of target readers＇ acceptation of the translation or to translate by being faithful to the meaning of source lan- guage in case of rigid translation or the target readers＇ inability to accept the translation. The ＂mechanic faithfulness＂ may lead to target readers＇ boredom and misunderstanding, the hardness in sale and bad effects in the foreign public awareness, so the author advises readers to defuse ＂mechanic faithfulness＂ and keep ＂wise faithfulness＂.