购物中心典型火灾场景的实验研究

A Full-scale Fire Experimental Study on a Design Fire Scene in Shopping Malls

首先对天津等北方4个城市的典型购物中心商铺进行了火灾荷载调查,分析其中服装类商铺的调查数据,并基于均值火灾荷载密度337 MJ.m-2制定了燃料包,进行了ISO 9705标准房间火的实验。结果表明购物中心类典型服装店场景在大尺寸实验的条件下,热释放速率的峰值达到1 MW左右,平均热释放速率为191 kW,火灾增长率是处于中速火和快速火之间,并且偏向于快速火。

This paper explores the potential for identifying design fires in shopping malls. A survey that included clothing stores was conducted to determine fire loads and the type of combustibles in shopping malls in Tianjin, etc. Statistical data were analyzed. The mean of the fire load density is 337 MJ-2 m-2. The data gathered during the sur- vey along with the statistical information were used to develop fuel packages for these stores, to be tested in large scale fire test （ ISO 9705 ROOM）. The experimental results show that the clothing stores had the peak HRR almost at 1 MW, and the mean HRR of clothing store is 191 kW. It was found that the CO yield was about 10 times higher than the well- ventilated average values. The HRR profiles of all tests show that the growth rates were between fast and medium fires, and mostly lean to fast fire.