战后以来垄断资本的演变过程及其未来发展趋势

The Postwar Evolution and the Future trends of Monopoly Capital

马克思主义的垄断资本理论对于战后资本主义的基本趋势的预见基本是正确的,但是这些基本趋势通过一个自然历史进程发展出了新的表现形式。战后资本主义的诸多新的重要现象,比如战后繁荣、滞胀危机、新自由主义、全球化、金融化以及当前世界资本主义危机,以马克思主义的垄断资本理论为基础来分析,可以获得比较贯通统一的解释。战后垄断资本实质上已演变成一种金字塔式世界超级垄断结构,它的顶层是比战前垄断资本控制能力更高的超级垄断资本;它的上层和中层垄断资本之间比战前具有了更多的国际性,因此避免了列强战争;它的统治方式更多采用了金融、经济和文化手段而不是直接的暴力手段,因此是一种更深入更精致的垄断:将超级垄断和弱肉强食式的过度竞争、个人主义结合在一起。这种新型垄断未来在停滞、不平衡和社会政治危机等趋势上也具有和战前垄断资本不同的表现形式。

Marxist monopoly capital theory＇s predicts on the main trends of postwar capitalism are correct on the whole. However, the main trends develop new presentations of the form through a process of natural history. Postwar capitalism＇s many new phenomenon such as postwar prosperity, stagflation, neoliberalism, globalization, financialization and current world capitalism crisis can be consistently explained by Marxist monopoly capital theory. Postwar monopoly capital in essence evolve into a pyramid-pattern structure dominated by super mo- nopoly. The structure＇s top is super monopoly capital which has much stronger control ability than prre-war monopoly capital. There is more internationalism between its top monopoly capital and middle monopoly capital than pre--war period, which makes them avoid wars between them as before. The world is dominated more through financial, economic and cultural means other than direct force. This kind of monopoly is much more deeper and sophisticated than prewar period, which combines super monopoly and over competition, extreme individualism under the law of the jungle. In the future this new type monopoly＇s presentations of the law of stagnation and uneven economic and political development will also be different from those of prewar period.