西方现代劳动力地理学研究进展及对中国研究的意义

PROGRESS IN THE STUDY OF MODERN LABOUR GEOGRAPHY IN WESTERN COUNTRIES AND THE SIGNIFICANCE FOR CHINA

劳动力地理学研究有助于理解全球化背景下劳动力作为当前国际国内经济转型和产业区位的一个重要因素及其发生作用的内在机制,对指导劳动力市场调节、促进地方劳动力市场发展具有重要意义。本文总结了国外劳动力地理学理论研究的起源,认为其理论演变经历了由新古典经济地理学区位理论,到马克思主义新经济地理理论,到近年来"文化、制度转向"的劳动力市场地理发展历程。介绍了近年来地方化劳动力市场地理理论和实证研究领域,及其对产业空间组织的影响等方面所取得的最新进展。在对当前的研究进行评述的基础上,指出不足和未来方向。与西方学术界相比,我国相关理论研究较为欠缺,尤其是文化、制度等因素对我国劳动力市场影响的研究有待进一步加强。

The study of labour geography may help to understand that labour acts as an important factor of the current economic restructuring and industrial location at the international and domestic level,and the internal mechanism of its function in Globalization.It can guide the labour market regulation,and promote local labour market development.This paper summarizes the theory origin of the western labour geography,such as the studies of labor issues of ancient commercial geography,classical economics and Marxist theory.With the concept of ＂the production of space＂,the development history of theory research of labour geography are as follows： Firstly,the location theory of new classical economic geography regards labour as one of the major factors of production,in which labour＇s role as the main participants in social activities has been ignored,and the space has been theorized as a kind of ＂containers＂of social life;Secondly,new Marxism economic geography theory assumes spatial turn and agency transformation,in which ＂space＂ is introduced as a production factor,and labour has been considered as an object to be controlled and exploited.Until ＂geography of Labour＂ turns to ＂Labour geography＂,labour was not regarded as an active geographical subject and key factor in the modern industrial location;Thirdly,the research on ＂culture and system turn＂ in labour market geography in recent years has no longer focused on the role of labour in the industry（re-） location.Compared with the studies of western academia,this paper finally points out that the related theory research in China is insufficient and lags behind,especially during the new period of China＇s labour market transition.