西方社会空间视角下的郊区化研究及其启示

RECENT PROGRESS OF THE RESEARCH OF SUBURBANIZATION IN WESTERN COUNTRIES BASED ON THE VIEWPOINT OF SOCIAL SPACE AND ITS ENLIGHTMENT

作为一种分散型城市化,郊区化始于20世纪20年代,盛于二战后的发达国家。西方早期的郊区化研究主要集中在郊区化的发展浪潮,郊区化的界定方法、发展机制、后果和政府调控等方面,90年代所提出的"新郊区化"概念将郊区化与边缘城市、郊区次级就业中心的发展联系在一起。21世纪以来,社会空间成为西方郊区化研究者最关注的话题。本文基于近年西方学者关于郊区化研究的最新文献,从郊区化与居住空间重构、郊区化与住房选择和分异、郊区化与居民通勤行为、郊区化与居民生活空间、郊区化的社会影响等方面总结了西方学者在社会空间视角下的郊区化研究方面所取得的研究成果。然后,分析了西方研究议题转变和研究方法创新对中国郊区化研究所带来的启示。最后,从研究视角拓展、定性方法应用、微观机理探讨、多重互动模式建构等方面对未来中国郊区化的研究进行展望。

Suburbanization is one of the most important features of modern metropolian areas.Over the last several decades,global cities are facing remarkable decentralization of population and employment from central cities towards outer suburbs,which has significant influence on urban spatial restructuring.In the 1990s,the conception of ＂New Suburbanization＂ was put forward,which established the relationship between suburbanization and the development of the edge cities and urban polycentric spatial structure of employment.In recent years,with the outward expansion and growing economic and social complexity of suburbs,suburbanization is recognized and accepted by more and more people.Since the 21st century,social space has become the hottest topic in the west.The complexity of the social structure and suburban social space has caused more and more attention along with the rapid development of the suburbs.Urban socio-spatial structure in the suburbs has been analyzed,concerning about the transition of the residential circumstance and social relationship in the suburbs.Base on the newest researches on suburbanization in the western countries recently,the author summarizes the achievement of western suburbanization research from the prospective of social space,covering several fields such as the restructuration of the residential space,the housing option and residential differentiation,the commuting behavior and the social influences of suburbanization and so on.Then the author submits the inspiration for the suburbanization study in China by analyzing the transition of the western researches and the innovation of the research methods.Finally,the author puts forward new orientations on prospect of the future suburbanization study in China from four aspects.