民族文化旅游空间生产刍论

BRIEF DISCUSSION ON SPATIAL PRODUCTION OF ETHNIC CULTURAL TOURISM

本文从空间生产视角研究民族文化旅游开发,提出"民族文化旅游空间生产"学术概念。此概念借鉴融汇了空间生产、文化空间与文化再生产等核心理念,凸显旅游空间的文化建构本质。民族文化旅游空间是民族文化旅游地地理空间、文化空间、社会空间的叠合概念,是具有明确地理空间的旅游主客体互动的场域,具有物理性、社会性、符号性、可生产和可消费性四大属性。民族文化旅游空间的生产原则,以旅游环境承载力、游客体验满意度和旅游系统利益相关者的和谐度为前提。生产内容包括旅游物理空间、旅游景观符号空间、旅游参与体验空间三层面的生产。主要生产方式有原态保护式、历史复原式、模拟示范式、创新复合式、虚拟流动式。

From spatial production perspective,the writers put forward academic concept of Spatial Production of Ethnic Cultural Tourism.The concept absorbs the key ideas of spatial production,cultural space and cultural reproduction for reference,and highlighted the culture-construction essence of tourism space.As a specific kind of spatial production,spatial production of ethnic cultural Tourism has basic attributes and levels of spatial production.The ethnic cultural tourism spaces have the qualities of geographic space,cultural space and social space.The ethnic cultural tourism spaces and spatial production of ethnic cultural tourism are closely related to the concepts such as tourism product,landscape,cultural symbol and cultural space.It is interaction field between tourist subjects and tourism objects,having natures of physics,sociality,symbol and production-consumption.The production principle of ethnic cultural tourism space sets environmental bearing capacity,tourist experience satisfaction degree,harmony degree among stakeholders in tourism system as precondition.Spatial production of ethnic cultural tourism should follow three interior rules.Firstly,special production should distinguish the boundaries between tourism space and living space and that between Ecotourism and mass tourism based on environmental bearing capacity.Secondly,special production should produce different types of tourism spaces for meeting the different needs of tourist experience.Thirdly,special production should construct safeguard mechanism of subject corporation according to operation rules of tourism system.The special production includes the productions of physical space,symbol space and experience space.