基于精益物流的单件离散型生产作业排程优化

Optimization for One-piece Discrete Production Scheduling Based on Lean Logistics

通过实证研究,分析了单件离散型生产作业排程特征和设备对排程的重要性,提出了从设备使用和顾客需求角度研究作业排程优化的必要性。引入设备综合技术性能指数作为质量保证的考量指标,以精益物流为指导思想,综合质量保证指数、生产浪费指数和准时交货指数三项指标,以生产能力、工艺时序、随机不确定性因素为约束条件,建立了组合优化模型。为了有效地求解模型,设计了集成算法,并结合实例分别应用"SM&PR"(仿真&优先规则)和"SM&PR&GA"(仿真&优先规则&遗传算法)进行了仿真试验,检验了模型和算法的有效性。结果显示"SM&PR&GA"是最有效的方法,与传统方法相比,具有动态随机性、全局收敛性和智能性等特征,提高了作业排程的效率和科学性。

Through empirical study,the characteristics of discrete production scheduling and importance of equipment for scheduling were both analyzed, and it was put forward that the study of scheduling optimization is necessary in the perspective of equipment use and customer demand. Introduction of equipment comprehensive technical performance index as measure index of the quality assurance, a combinatorial optimization weighted model was established. Based on lean logistics as guiding thought, quality assurance index, production waste index and index of on time delivery were considered as combinatorial optimization indicators, and production capacity, process sequence, random uncertainty factors as constraint conditions. In order to solve the model more effectively, integration algorithm of the model was designed. The methods of ＂SM＆PR＂ （simulation model＆ priority rules）and ＂SM＆PR ＆ GA”（simulation model ＆ priority rules ＆ genetic algorithm）were respectively applied to study a case, and the validity of the model and algorithm had been verified. The experimental results reveal ＂SM＆PR ＆ GA＂ is the most effective method, compared with the traditional method, and it is the dynamic randomicity, globalconvergence and intelligent characteristics. It improves the efficiency and scientificity of the scheduling.