放射性废物热等离子体处理熔融炉温度分布数值模拟及熔渣玻璃化配方初步研究

Temperature Simulation of Thermal Plasma Melting Furnace for Disposal of Radioactive Waste and Preliminary Research of Vitrification Formula

目前核电厂放射性废物处理工艺具有高增容性的特点,为最终废物处置带来很大的压力。针对高增容的处理现状,介绍了放射性废物减容处理技术的研究重点——热等离子体技术;通过数值模拟分析热等离子体熔融炉内的温度分布,给出固定床熔融炉关键部位的最高可能温度约为1 445℃,结合可选耐火材料探讨了炉体建造的可实现性。选取核电站3种典型的放射性技术废物进行模拟玻璃化配方实验,在限定的熔融温度条件下,得到符合我国核行业标准要求的玻璃固化体。

Radioactive waste treatment techniques currently used in nuclear power plant increase the volumegreatly and bring much pressure on final disposal ; Thermal plasma treatment as a crucial technique to reduce the waste volume is introduced. How to improve the efficiency of the plasma energy is the limiting factor of concern. In this paper, the temperature field of thermal plasma melting furnace is simulated, the maximal temperature of fixed bed melting furnace is calculated （ about 1 445℃ ）. According to the optional fire-resistant materials, the feasibility of furnace fabrication is discussed. Vitrification formulas for three typical radioactive wastes are tested with their feasibilities being analyzed then. Finally, the prospect of thermal plasma techniques of radioactive waste is discussed, and issues for future study are raised.