脑积水分流术后颅内感染原因分析

Analysis of intracranial infection in hydrocephalus shunt

目的探讨脑积水分流术后感染的相关因素及预防措施。方法回顾性分析2008年12月至2010年12月脑积水分流术后感染的28例临床资料。结果 28例患者金黄色葡萄球菌感染为48%,表皮葡萄球菌感染为25%,肠道菌、铜绿假单胞菌及肺炎克雷伯杆菌检出率分别为11%、14%和4%。颅内肿瘤、脑出血进行脑积水分流术术后更易发生感染。结论脑积水分流术后颅内感染以革兰阳性菌为主,全身预防性应用抗生素及对高危人群严密监测有助于降低感染的发生率。

Objective To study the risk factors and prevention methods of infection in hydrocephalus shunt.Methods The records of 28 patients treated with hydrocephalus shunt between Dec.2008 and Dec.2010 were retrospectively reviewed.Results Cerebrospinal fluid bacterial culture showed that infection rate of staphylococcus aureus was 48%,staphylococcus epidermidis was 25%,and the detection rate of intestinal bacteria,pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia was 11%,14%,and 4% respectively among 28 patients.It was more susceptible for patients with intracranial tumors and cerebral hemorrhage treated with hydrocephalus shunt to get infected.Conclusion Gram-positive bacteria account for the majority during intracranial infection in hydrocephalus shunts.Besides,systemic antibiotic prophylaxis and close monitoring of high-risk groups are very helpful to reduce the incidence of infection.