中国国内与国际边界效应比较研究

Comparative Study of Domestic and International Border Effect of China

地理边界的存在会显著减少跨界贸易量,这就是所谓的"边界效应"。本文基于Coughlin和Novy(2011)的方法,利用2007年的相关数据,在同一框架下对中国国内、国际边界效应进行联合估计。实证结果显示,中国国内边界效应在绝对值上大于国际边界效应,这表明贸易存在本地化偏好,且这一结论不随观测样本、模型解释变量和距离函数形式的变化而变化。为了弱化贸易本地化偏好以获得更多的贸易福利,中央政府应从全局出发,指导各地方产业布局的制定与调整以避免重复建设;地方政府应摒弃"本地思维",尽量减少对本地市场的人为分割与封锁;同时,应在全国范围内建立企业的信用体系,使企业不会因为缺乏信任感而放弃应有的省际贸易;最后,各级政府应加大交通基础设施建设,降低省际间贸易成本特别是运输成本以推动跨省贸易。

Geographic border will significantly reduce the amount of cross - border trade,which is the so - called border effect. Based on the method of Coughlin ＆ Novy（2011 ） ,this paper uses related China＇ s data of 2007 to estimate international and domestic border effect in a unified framework. The empirical results show that the domestic border effect is larger in absolute magnitude than the international border effect,which indicates that the trade has localized preferences in China. The results do not change with different samples, explanatory variables and form of distance function. In order to reduce the trade localization preference to obtain more trade benefits ,the central government should have global views to guide the formulation and adjustment of local industry layout to avoid repeated construction,and the local government should abandon the idea of ＂local interests＂, reducing man - made segmentation and blockade of the local market. At the same time, enterprises credit system should be established in the national scope, so that enterprises will not give up inter - province trade due to the lack of trust. Finally, governments at all levels should intensify the transport infrastructure to reduce trade cost especially transportation cost between provinces so as to promote inter - province trade.