驻马店夏季高温天气统计分析与天气分型及预报

Statistics Analysis and Weather Classification and Prediction of Summer High Temperature in Zhumadian

利用1961—2011年51年历史气象资料,分析驻马店市高温(日最高气温≥38.0℃)天气气候特征.驻马店高温年分布不均匀,最多年23 d,年均2.3 d;高温主要出现在6—9月份,其中7月最多;高温天气在驻马店市还具有北高南低的特征.产生极端高温天气的高空形势为大陆副热带高压脊前或者为副热带高压控制,天气晴好.850 hPa形势图上为≥20℃的暖区控制,特别是在≥24℃时最有利于形成高温天气.将驻马店高温天气从天气形势和干湿程度上分为干热和湿热两种类型,并提出干热型和湿热型高温的预报经验指标.

The daily maximum temperature（≥38.0 ℃） characteristics of Zhumadian was analyzed by using historical meteorological data from 1961 to 2011.The results show that the annual distribution of high temperature in Zhumadian was uneven,most years of 23 days and annual average of 2.3 days.It mainly appeared from June to September,most in July.High temperature weather in Zhumadian also has the characteristics of higher in the north and lower in the south.It was analyzed that the extreme high temperature weather situation was controlled by mainland subtropical ridge high before,or the subtropical high.The 850 hPa situation chart was warm zone control above 20 ℃,especially in the most conducive to the formation of the hot weather when temperature ≥24 ℃.High temperature from the weather situation and dry wet degree was divided into two types of hot and humid,and the forecast experience index of them were obtained.