小麦岛附近海域表层沉积物重金属分布特征及环境评价

Distribution patterns of heavy metals in surface sediments and environmental quality assessment on the adjacent sea area of Xiaomai Island

利用等离子质谱仪(ICP-MS)对青岛市小麦岛附近海域28个表层沉积物中重金属元素Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Cr、Ni的含量进行了测定,平均值分别为17.9 mg.kg-1、56.5 mg.kg-1、29.8 mg.kg-1、0.12 mg.kg-1、61.1 mg.kg-1、26.5 mg.kg-1。各重金属元素的空间分布趋势较为一致,低值主要分布在研究区的中部,高值主要分布在研究区两侧,沉积物粒度是影响其分布的重要因子。潜在生态风险危害评价结果表明,所有站位的单个重金属参数Eri全部低于40,生态综合风险指数(R)I均不超过150,研究区整体为轻微生态风险水平。综合地质累积指数和沉积物质量基准评价结果,除Pb、Cr和Ni受人类活动影响明显,其他元素在底质沉积物中基本不构成污染。底质沉积物中的重金属累积尚未对附近海域的生态环境构成不良影响,小麦岛周围海域生态环境状况良好。

The heavy metals in the surface sediments of the adjacent sea areas of Xiaomai Island were detected by an inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy （ICP-MS）. Their distributions and contamination status were discussed. The average content rations ofCu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Niwerel7.9mg.kg-1, 56.5mg.kg-1, 29.8mg.kg-1, 0.12mg.kg-1, 61.1 mg.kg-1, 26.5 mg.kg-1respectively. In general, the concentrations of heavy metals, which were mainly controlled by sediment grain size, were higher in the west and east of study area, while lower in the center of study area. The ecological risk analysis indicated low potential ecological risk of the study area with RI below 150. The accumulative contents of Pb, Cr and Ni exhibited moderate contamination to surface sediment environment, due to the increasing human activities, based on geoaccumulation index and SQGs. Pollution to environment was not distinguished from accumulation of heavy metals in surface sediment environment.