细胞松弛素B对菲律宾蛤仔三倍体诱导及早期胚胎发育的影响

Effect of cytochalasin B on triploid induction and early development of manila clam Ruditapes philippenarum

采用0.25 mg/L、0.5 mg/L、0.75 mg/L、1.0 mg/L细胞松弛素B(CB)抑制第二极体(PB2)的释放诱导菲律宾蛤仔三倍体,观察三倍体蛤仔的早期胚胎发育。结果表明:CB的浓度对菲律宾蛤仔三倍体的诱导以及胚胎发育影响显著(P<0.05),0.5与0.75 mg/L CB处理组诱导率较高,分别达89.4%与89.2%;各组第一极体(PB1)同步释放,处理组PB2受到明显抑制;CB处理浓度与胚胎发育速度呈负相关,与各发育阶段的畸形率及畸形程度呈正相关。综合诱导率及早期胚胎发育状况,0.5 mg/L是CB诱导菲律宾蛤仔三倍体的适宜浓度。

In order to induce triploid in fertilized eggs of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum at polar body Ⅱ （PB2）, an effective chemical treatment using cytochalasin B （CB） was selected in this study. In addition, for comparative purpose, cytochalasin B was administered to fertilized eggs from the same spawning at concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0 mg/1, respectively. The results showed that the concentrations of CB were significantly related to the induction rate of triploid and embryonic development of R. philippinarum. The concentrations of 0.5 and 0.75 mg/l yield the best inducted rates, which were as high as 89.4 % and 89.2 % respectively. Although the release of PB1 was almost simultaneous, there was significant inhibition on the release of PB2 in treated group. In the embryonic period, the growth of R. philippinarum was negatively correlated to the concentrations of CB, on the contrary, the malformation of R. philippinarum was positively correlated to the concentration of CB. As a result, this study suggested that 0.5 mg/l of CB was the best treated concentration for triploid induction of R. philippinarum.