长江口南港水道溢油数值模拟

Numerical simulation of oil-spill in the south channel of the stuaryYangtze River estuary

使用FVCOM建立了长江口水动力模型,然后基于拉格朗日粒子追踪法及自由走动理论建立了长江口溢油模型,研究长江口南港水道处溢油污染的问题。模拟了溢油在东南风、东北风、西北风下涨憩、落憩时24 h内的扩散漂移轨迹以及分布情况,对不同情景进行了分析。研究表明风向对溢油的走势有较大的影响:东南风落憩的溢油可能会污染到青草沙水库、崇明东滩及中华鲟保护区,涨憩时主要污染为九段沙湿地;东北风涨憩和落憩时主要污染上海岸线;西北风落憩时主要污染长兴岛南岸以及九段沙湿地,涨憩时污染九段沙湿地,研究结果可为潜在的溢油应急响应决策提供参考。

Based on the hydrodynamic model （FVCOM） and the theory of Lagrangian particle tracking method and random walk, an oil spill model was established to simulate the oil spill in the south channel of the Yangtze River estuary. Oil spills, which happened at the transition from ebb slack to flood tide and flood slack to ebb tide with the southeast wind, northeast wind and northwest wind, were simulated, and trajectories within 24h and final distributions of oil film were given. Researches showed the wind direction had a significant influence on the oil film trajectory： oil spill which happened at transition from ebb slack to flood tide with southeast wind might pollute Qingcaosha reservoir, Chongming island, Chinese sturgeon reserve and it polluted Jiuduansha wetland at transition from flood slack to ebb tide; oil spill happened at transition from ebb slack to flood tide and transition from flood slack to ebb tide with northeast wind might pollute the shoreline of shanghai; oil spill which happened at transition from ebb slack to flood tide and transition from flood slack to ebb tide with northwest wind might pollute the coast of Changxing island and Jiuduansha wetland. Results will provide a useful reference for establishing protocols for oil-spill response.