上海周桥社区老年人患病率调查及分析

Survey and analysis of prevalence rates of the elderly in Zhou Qiao community in Shanghai

目的了解周桥社区老年人患病率及危险因素，明确社区诊断，提出防治措施；方法采用整群随机抽样方法抽取周桥社区60岁及以上老年人共1862名采用面对面调查形式进行问卷调查；结果周桥社区老年人慢性病总患病率为89．87％，其中患1种疾病占35．64％，同时患2种疾病占49．91％，患3种及以上疾病占54．83％。位居前6位慢性病顺序是：高血压、高脂血症、心脏病、脑血管疾病、高尿酸血症、糖尿病等，与吸烟、饮酒、高盐饮食、缺乏锻炼等不良生活方式有关；结论提高老年人对慢性病的防范意识和自我管理水平，改变不良生活习惯，消除影响健康的危险因素，预防和控制慢性病并发症的发生和发展。

Objective This paper aims to understand chronic diseases＇ percentage among the elderly in Zhouqiao Com-munity and put forward clearly community diagnosis and prevention and treatment measures. Methods The research meth-odology is to use cluster sampling and entract 1862 people at the age of 60 or above and have a face-to-face interview. Results We find the total percentage of chronic disease among the old people is 89.87 %, among which people suffering from one disease accounts for 35.64%, two diseases 49.91% and three diseases or even more 54.83%. The top six chronic diseases are： hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart diseases, cerebrovasculardisease, high uric acid, diabetes, etc, which are closely related to smoking, drinking, un-rational diet, lack of exercises and other bad lifestyles. Conlusion We safely reach the conclusion that we should increase the elderly＇s awareness of preventing chronic diseases, improve their self-management ability, change bad lifestyle, eliminate dangerous factors that may affect their health and prevent and control the occurrence and development various diseases.