单点接收的地震数据采集系统的回顾与展望

The reviews of single sensor seismic acquisition system and its development

地震数据采集技术由早期的组合接收发展到现今的单点接收。在相当长的一段时间,地震数据采集技术的发展一直在道内组合、道间组合、单站单道中徘徊不前,直到近些年Q技术和具有更高、更快计算能力的计算机的出现,才使得更多的地球物理工作者看到了单点接收技术对改善地质成像效果的优势。Q技术(系列)是目前西方地球物理公司(WGC,以下简称西方公司)服务于国际地球物理采集市场的一张王牌,也是西方公司占领高端地震采集市场的核心技术。为了维持Q技术对市场的占有率,其装备平台只提供数据采集服务而从未对外销售,在一段时间形成了西方公司特有的技术品牌与市场独占格局。Q技术的诞生与高密度地震采集技术的发展密不可分。自Q技术诞生之日,围绕它的话题也就从未间断:有学者认定这的确是引领未来的前沿地球物理采集技术,是未来解决复杂地质构造成像的发展方向;但也有学者认为该技术了无新意,贪大求全,有些技术环节甚至是误导油公司增加对地震采集的投入,实际上仍然无法解决复杂地质目标的精确成像问题。随着国际经济形势持续疲软以及陆上地震勘探的市场竞争越演越烈,西方公司对其装备平台UNI-Q系统解除了销售禁令,并采用新的销售与租赁战略,未来地球物理公司有可能借助其平台实现超级地震队运作。本文试图通过目前公开的技术资料,探讨单点接收系统的意义,研究未来地球物理装备的发展如何满足地震采集技术发展的需求。

From the early combination sensors acquisition to single sensor acquisition, the development of seismic data ac- quisition technology has been in channel, channel combination, combination of single station and single channel in quite a long time. Until recent years, Q technology and the new generation of computer system with higher and fas- ter computing ability show the advantages of single receiver technology to improve the geological imaging effect to geophysical society. Q technology （Series） is currently the Western Geophysical Company （WGC, hereinafter referred to as the company） a trump card to serve the market of international geophysical acquisition, it is also the core technology of WGC to occupy high-end seismic acquisition market. In order to maintain the market share, the equipment platform of WGC only provides data acquisition service but never sell the 0 Technology product, thus WGC has been benefit from its unique technology and dominated role in the market over long time. The development of Q technology is inseparable with the developing of high-density seismic acquisition technol- ogy. Discussion around Q Technology is never stopped. Some scholars have identified that Q technology is not only the leading technology of the advanced geophysical acquisition in the future, but also is a developing direction to solve the imaging of complex geological structure in the future. But some other scholars believe that the Q technolo- gy is not advanced, even misleading oil companies to increase investment in seismic acquisition, meantime Q technol- ogy could not solve the complex accurate imaging problem. Along with the continued weaker international economic situation and the increasingly competitive land seismic exploration market, WGC had to lift the ban on the sale of equipment platform of the UNI-Q system, and adopted the new sales strategy and leasing strategy, then the other geophysical companies will have the chance to achieve su- per seismic team operation with its platform. Through the technical information available, this paper discuss on the significance of single receiver system, and attempt to research the future development trend of geophysical equip- ment to meet the needs of the developing of seismic acquisition technology.