四轮轮式驱动电动汽车电气系统设计与实现

The electric system design and realization for four-wheel driven electric vehicle

四轮轮式驱动电动汽车在行驶过程中需对4个轮毂电机进行协调控制,其动力回路电流大、电压高,电机输出功率受行驶工况影响大,因此其安全可靠的电气系统设计至关重要.首先通过电动汽车动力学分析和驱动电机分析,建立了车辆行驶动力学方程,得到车速、电机功率、电机转速、电机扭矩与主电路的负载电流及电压之间的匹配关系;然后计算系统动力回路中继电器、熔断丝和接触器等关键元器件的电气参数,设计了四轮轮式驱动电动汽车的电气系统.研制出的四轮轮式驱动电动汽车经过了城市工况测试,其结果表明,该电气系统能很好地满足四轮轮式驱动电动汽车的电气需求,有效保障电动汽车的运行.

The four-wheel electric vehicle needs to take coordination control on four hub mo- tors, with large loop current and high voltage. Also,the motor power suffers a large influ- ence on driving cycles, it is crucial for designing safe and reliable electrical system. The pa- per carries out dynamic analyses of electric vehicle and driving motor analyses to build dy- namical equation of vehicle driving, obtaining load current of vehicle speed, motor power, motor speed, motor torque and main circuit, also the matching relationship between volta- ges. Furthermore, the electric parameters of critical components in power loop system such as relay, fuse wire and contactor, even designed electrical system of four-wheel electric ve- hicle are calculated. The four-wheel electric vehicle that manufactured has succeed in pass- ing test on urban roadways. The result indicates that this electric system is extremely well- designed to satisfy the electric need of our-wheel electric vehicle. It effectively guaranteed pilot run of electric vehicle.