从“失语”到“双语”——谈对外汉语教学中的文化维度

From “Aphasis” to “Bilingualism”:a Cultural Dimension in TCFL

本文考察了对外汉语教学中存在的表现在"教"与"学"两个方面的"文化失语"现象,分析了该现象的原因及后果。其中有两个重要原因:一是长期忽视正迁移,二是对文化教学中"文化"概念的误解。"文化失语"的现象归根结底是因为"单向文化"的思维造成的。从"失语"走向"双语",即双语双文化并重,不仅是全球化的需要,而且是切实提高对外汉语教学水平和增强对外汉语教学实效的要求。双语双文化教学中的"生产性双语学习"模式是值得倡导的,它是文化相对主义关照下的一种真正的平等的文化对话。

This thesis observes that the phenomenon of＂cultural aphasis＂ of Chinese teachers and foreign students, occurs in Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language. It has found the major factors of the long-ignored positive transfer and misunderstanding of cultural concepts or cultural aphasis that arises mainly from the onw-way mode of cultural thinking. A shift from aphasis to bilingualism and bi-culturalism helps significantly upgrade the TCFL in the context of globalization. In bilingual and bicultural education, ＂productive bilingualism＂ model is suggested since it provides a real equal dialogue on the principles of cultural relativism.