“是”字句的社会语言学分析

Sociolinguistic Analysis of the Chinese "shi"-Structured Sentences

现代汉语"是"字句存在性别变异、年龄变异、职业变异和政治变异。根据语料库统计分析得出,在"是"字句里,与"男人"相比,"女人"更容易成为"是"字句的"判事"。与"大人"相比,"小孩"更容易成为"是"字句的"判事"和"断事"。与其他职业相比,"农民"更容易成为"是"字句的"判事"和"断事"。与"老百姓"相比,"政府"更容易成为"是"字句的"判事"和"断事"。"女人"、"小孩"、"农民"和"政府"较多地出现在"是"字句里,它们之间可能存在一定的共性关系。

The paper investigates Chinese the shi-structured sentences in terms of their variations of sex,age,profession and politics.According to the corpus statistics,compared with ＂men＂,＂women＂ is more directly used before the character of ＂shi＂ in the shi-structured sentences.Compared with the ＂adults＂,the ＂kids＂ is more directly used before or after the character of ＂shi＂ in the shi-structured sentences.Compared with the other professions,＂farmers＂ is more directly used before or after the character of ＂shi＂ in the shi-structured sentences.Compared with the ＂commoners＂,the ＂government＂ is more directly used before or after the character of ＂shi＂ in the shi-structured sentences.