汉语“都”和西语“todo”的分布差异对汉语学习者“都”的习得的影响

How the different grammatical features between "todo" and "都(dōu)" affect Mexican Chinese learners' acquisition of "都(dōu)"

西语的"todo"表示汉语"都"的意思。"都"和"todo"是两个语义相近,但在汉西两种语言中分布有别的词。用"self-paced reading"实验设计测试以西班牙语为母语的墨西哥汉语习得者识别以汉西两种语序构成的包含"都"的句法结构的正确反映时间,发现汉语习得者对以汉语语序(语序一)分布的"都"和位于"都"之后的"述语"的正确识别反应时间显著性地快于以西语语序(语序二)分布的"都"和该句法结构中的"述语"的反应时间,这说明母语的迁移是在句法语义不同的层面上起作用的。也说明墨西哥汉语习得者在理解汉语的句法语义的过程中,句法先于语义。由此可知,目前的一些学习理论有待完善。

Chinese ＂都（dōu）＂ used to be translated into Spanish ＂todo＂,so the Spanish ＂todo＂ and Chinese ＂都（dōu）＂ were considered of the same meaning,but grammatical features of ＂todo＂ are different from ＂都（dōu）＂.the experiment of Self-paced reading was designed to investigate the Mexican Chinese learners how to identify the ＂都（dōu）＂ in the two word order sentences.The response time of＂都（dōu）＂ in the Chinese word order sentence was faster than in the Spanish word order sentence,which is due to identify ＂都（dōu）＂ of Chinese word order sentence that activated knowledge of Chinese word order in the neural network acquired by Chinese learners,to identify ＂都（dōu）＂of Spanish word order sentence that activated word orders knowledge of Chinese and Spanish.