美国医疗保健领域种族不公现象的幕后推手——经济自由主义和市场化

Two Driving Forces Behind the Racial Inequality in the US Health Care ——Economic Liberalism and Marketization

医疗保健资源的理想分配标准应当是"因需制宜",但在美国,由于医疗服务和医疗保险的供应商始终推崇并坚持经济自由主义和市场化原则,因而导致了医疗资源分配在事实上往往遵循"因价制宜"的标准。过分强调价格机制在医疗保健领域中的作用,不仅导致了医疗资源在种族群体间的畸形分配,而且在一定程度上掩盖了种族不平等,造成了医疗保健领域事实上的种族不公现象。

The ideal standard of distribution in .health care should be ＂equal care for equal needs＂. However, in the United States, the health care system is, in effect, organized to allocate medical care primarily by ＂price criteria＂ rather than by medical needs, due to the idea of economic liberalism and marketization advocated by medical insurers and providers. The overemphasis on the role of pricing mechanism not only causes racial disparities in the distribution sector of health care, but also justifies racial and ethnic disparities in health care and allows racial inequality to continue under cover of economic justifications.