《聊斋志异》中的“侠”形象

Explorations on the images of chivalry of Strange Stories From A Chinese Studio

史书上和文学作品中记载的"侠"往往与现代人头脑中的"侠"是有一定的偏差。事实上"侠"既具有正义的一面,亦有非正义的一面。古典小说名著《聊斋志异》中的"侠"也是形形色色的,既涵括了传统意义上的人侠,同时又书写了具有侠义精神的"异"侠。"异"侠有花妖鬼魅幻化成人的"侠"和不能幻化成人具有侠义精神的动物构成。在这个基础上,我们把《聊斋志异》的侠形象,归类为复仇报恩型、好勇尚武型、意气豪迈的"异"侠型三大类,对后世人们解读古典小说名著《聊斋志异》,当有一定的启迪意义。

The concept of chivalry recorded in history books and literary works is a bit different from that in the minds of modern people. In faet, chivalry is embedded with both sides of justice and unjust aspect. The ima-ges of ehivalry deseribed in ＂strange stories from a Chinese studio＂（ Liao Zhai Zhi Yi） are of various types, ran-ging from traditional humanity chivalry to speeial chivalry. By ＂special＂, I mean that this type of ehivalry is not made up of human beings as we used to think. I divide speeial chivalry into two groups： one is flower monsters and ghosts which turn into human being perform chivalry, and the other is made up of animals which manifest the chivalrous spirit. On this basis, I further draw a conclusion that the images of ＂xia＂ included in ＂strange stories from a Chinese studio＂ can be split into three categories： Type of revenging and rewarding; type of worshiping martial arts ; type of special chivalry.