化学融雪剂对小球藻生长和生理特性的影响

The effect of deicing salt on growth and physiological characteristics of Chlorella vulgaris

寒冷地区道路表面除雪化冰使用的化学融雪剂随着地表径流进入水体,将影响水生态系统中的水生生物正常生长,并破坏水生态系统平衡。为研究化学融雪剂醋酸钾盐对水生生物的毒性效应,分析了不同浓度有机融雪剂醋酸钾盐对小球藻生长特征、藻细胞光合色素、蛋白质及多糖含量的影响。结果表明:浓度为2 g.L-1的有机融雪剂对小球藻生长无明显影响,当融雪剂浓度为4 g.L-1时,小球藻细胞生长表现出明显抑制效应,且抑制效应随融雪剂浓度增加呈显著上升趋势(P<0.01);当融雪剂浓度小于4 g.L-1时,有机融雪剂对小球藻细胞内叶绿素a合成有明显促进作用,但随着有机融雪剂处理浓度升高,藻细胞内叶绿素a含量逐渐下降。当融雪剂的处理浓度大于4 g.L-1的时候,藻细胞内蛋白质和多糖含量与对照组相比呈显著下降趋势(P<0.01),抑制水体中小球藻正常生长繁殖并破坏藻体细胞,最终导致水生态系统平衡被破坏。

Deicing salt was applied for clearing ice and snow on road in winter and entered into river with the sur- face runoff,so it affectedthe growth of aquatic organism and broke the equilibrium of aquatic ecosystem. In order to study the toxic effect of organic deicing salt on aquatic organisms, the effects of organic deicing salt on the growth, the content Change of photosynthesis pigments, protein and polysaccharides of Chlorella vulgaris were ana- lyzed. The.results show that there is no significant effect for the growth of Chlorella vulgaris when the deicing salt （ potassium acetate） concentration is 2 g- L - 1. However, there is a significant inhibitory effect on the cell growth of Chlorella vulgaris when it is 4 g-L-1 ,and the inhibitive effect of deicing salt significantly increases （P 〈0. 01 ） with the increase of the concentrations. There is the significant stimulative effect on biosynthesis of chlorophyll （a） in a cell of Chlorella vulgaris when it is less than 4 g.L-1 ,while the chlorophyll （a） contents decrease with fur- ther increase of deicing salt concentrations. Compared with the control, protein and polysaccharides contents de- crease （P 〈0.01 ） significantly when it is more than 4 g.L-1. It suggests that the growth and reproduction of Chlorella vulgaris will be inhibited and the cell will be destroyed when deicing salt concentration is more than 4 g.L-1 ,and finally it will break the balance of aquatic ecosystem.