深低温冻存羟基磷灰石/骨髓间充质干细胞修复兔桡骨缺损

Combination of cryopreserved hydroxyapatite/bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells repairs rabbit radial defects

背景:以往研究表明羟基磷灰石复合骨髓间充质干细胞具有良好的骨缺损修复效果,但这种复合材料在冻存后是否具有骨缺损修复效果还不清楚。目的:观察深低温冻存羟基磷灰石/骨髓间充质干细胞复合修复骨缺损的效果。方法:制备27只日本大耳白兔桡骨10mm缺损模型,随机分为冻存复合材料组、新鲜复合材料组与羟基磷灰石组,3组分别于骨缺损处植入-80℃保存3个月的羟基磷灰石/同种异体骨髓间充质干细胞复合物、新鲜制备的羟基磷灰石/同种异体骨髓间充质干细胞复合物及单纯羟基磷灰石,植入后8,12周行大体观察、X射线观察及苏木精-伊红染色等组织学观察,并于12周行生物力学检测。结果与结论:术后12周,冻存复合材料组、新鲜复合材料组骨缺损大部分愈合,有成熟骨小梁通过,有的可见髓腔通畅,塑形较好;羟基磷灰石组骨痂生成少,骨缺损部分愈合,塑形欠佳,新骨生成少于冻存复合材料组、新鲜复合材料组(P<0.05)。冻存复合材料组、新鲜复合材料组最大载荷明显大于羟基磷灰石组(P<0.05)。表明低温冻存羟基磷灰石/骨髓间充质干细胞复合植骨材料的骨缺损修复能力与新鲜制作的复合材料几乎一致,未因冻存受到影响。

BACKGROUND： Previous studies have showed that hydroxyapatite combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells has a good effect on bone defects, but the repair effect of cryopreserved composite material is unclear.OBJECTIVE： To observe the effect of cryopreserved hydroxyapatite/bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on bone defects. METHODS： Twenty-seven Japanese rabbits were used to prepare 10 mm radial defect models and then randomly divided into cryopreserved composite group, fresh composite group and hydroxyapatite group. The three groups were respectively implanted with cryopreserved hydroxyapatite/bone marrow mesenchymal stem ceils which were cryopreserved at -80℃ for 3 months, fresh hydroxyapatite/bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and pure hydroxyapatite. After 8 and 12 weeks, general observation, X-ray observation and hematoxylin-eosin staining were performed, and biomechanical test was done at 12 weeks. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： At postoperative 12 weeks, bone defects were almost healed in the cryopreserved composite group and fresh composite group. Mature trabecular bone was seen, some canals were of patency, and good shape was found. While in the hydroxyapatite group, callus formation was less, only part of bone defects were healed, shaping was poor, and new bone formation was also less than the other two groups （P 〈 0.05）, In addition, the maximal loading in the cryopreserved composite group and fresh composite group was significantly higher than that in the hydroxyapatite group （P 〈 0.05）. These findings indicate that the cryopreserved hydroxyapatite/bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells composite material is similar to the fresh one in the repair capacity.