冷战后中国的对朝政策——美国的解读与分歧

China's Policy toward DPRK since the End of the Cold War: Decipherment of the U.S. and the Sino-U.S. Divergence

中美作为对朝鲜半岛局势最具影响力的两个大国,两者没有实质性合作是包括朝核问题在内的朝鲜半岛问题久拖不决的最重要原因之一。中国为通过和平对话实现朝鲜半岛无核化和半岛的和平与稳定进行了持之以恒的努力。但由于朝鲜所要的安全保障与良好的国际环境只有美国能满足,没有美国的合作,中国的努力只能体现为劝和以及在危机爆发时"降温"。美国不仅推卸应承担的责任,渲染所谓的"中国责任论",甚至宣称中国对朝政策本身就是问题的一部分。背后的原因不仅在于半岛的适度紧张能服务于美国东北亚其他的广泛安排,而且也在于中美在半岛问题上的目标优先性、政策手段选择等方面的区别。从未来看,朝鲜期待的摆脱国际社会孤立彻底获得国家安全,以及发展经济解决民生问题获得更大政权安全,必须与中美合作才能得以实现。因此,在体会与解决朝鲜关切的基础上,中美合作促使朝鲜"两利相权取其重"实现"弃核"并促使其调整经济,仍是解决问题之道。

One of the most important reasons that the Korean Peninsula problem hasn't been resolved until today is the lack of substantive cooperation between China and the U.S.,which are the most two influential powers for the issue.China dedicates to realize denuclearization,peace and stability in the Korean Peninsula through dialogue.Since what DPRK requires,including security guarantee and sound international environment,can only be satisfied by the U.S.,related problems can not be resolved without Sino-U.S.cooperation,no matter how much unilateral efforts China made.The U.S.shirks its responsibility and even distorts that China's policy toward DPRK is a part of the problem,due to the fact that the tension of Korean Peninsular can be served to the U.S.strategy of Northeast Asia and the existence of Sino-U.S.divergence including the policy priority and the means to resolve problems.Since what DPRK requires including to join in the international community and to improve livelihood through economic development still need the support from China and the U.S.,closed and substantive cooperation between the two countries is the key to resolve the problem.