某市食源性疾病的流行病学特征分析

Analysis on Epidemiologic Characteristics of Foodborne Diseases of A City

目的分析珠海市食源性疾病的流行特征,为防控食源性疾病暴发提供依据。方法收集2008～2012年珠海报告的食源性疾病暴发资料,描述暴发的流行病学特征。结果 2008～2012年珠海市共报告93起食源性疾病暴发,每年报告13-26起。食源性疾病暴发发生的环节包括消费,流通,加工等环节,其中消费环节占81.7%,主要发生在单位集体食堂、餐饮服务单位。病原体中微生物占70.1%（47/67）,有毒动植物占22.4%（15/67）,化学物质占7.5%（5/67）。微生物因素造成的暴发第一二季度构成比占66%,微生物引起的食源性疾病暴发主要以副溶血性弧菌（36.2%）和诺如病毒（25.5%）为主。结论暴发主要发生在消费环节,副溶血性弧菌和诺如病毒是主要病原体。

Objective Analyzing the characteristics of foodbome diseases from 2008 to 2012 in Zhuhai city, provide prevention and control measure for the government. Methods Collected data of foodborne diseases outbreak from 2008 to 2012, described the characteristics. Results Totally 93 foodbome diseases outbreak were reported from 2008 to 2012, ranging from 13 to 26 per year. 82% outbreaks occurred in consuming process, mostly in restaurants or canteens. 70.1%（47/67）outbreak led by microorganism, 22.4%（15/67）caused by poisonous plants and animals and 7,5%（5/67） by chemical materials. 66% outbreak caused by microorganism usually happened in the fist and the second season. There were 36.2% Vibrio parahaemolyticus and 25.5% norovirus. Conclusion Foodborne diseases outbreak were mainly in consuming process. Vibrio parahaemolyticus and norovirus were the main pathogens.