我国2005～2012年登革热流行特征分析

The Epidemiological Characteristics of Dengue Fever in China form 2005～2012

目的了解我国登革热流行现状、分布特征,为防治登革热提供科学依据。方法收集2005～2012年全国登革热病例资料,建立数据库并分析。结果 2005～2012年我国共报告登革热病例3044例,其中2006年发病人数最多(1045例),同年发病率也最高(0.0798/10万);病例主要集中在广东(2181例)、浙江(252例)、福建(210例)等地区;其中家庭及其待业的患者最多(526例,17.28%),其次是农民(452例,14.85%)和工人(393例,12.91%);男性1608例(52.83%)、女性1436例(47.17%),男女比为1.12∶1。2005～2012年间全国共发生47起登革热暴发事件,涉及病例1829人,其中广东29起,涉及病例1567人。输入性登革热229例,其中2008年最多(50例,21.83%),输入地区主要集中在云南(71例,31.00%)、广东(62例,27.07%)等地区;职业以商务人员为主(48例,20.96%);绝大多数病例来源于亚洲,尤其是东南亚(168例,73.36%),输入病例的男女比为2∶1。结论我国登革热持续性流行尚未有效建立;发病主要集中在广东、浙江、福建等地;以家庭及其待业者和农民、工人为主;男性多于女性。暴发疫情主要集中在广东;有必要重视和加强重点地区登革热的监测和控制工作,加强防蚊、灭蚊工作,防止登革热疫情的暴发。输入性病例以商务、旅游为主,男性多于女性,病例主要来源于东南亚等地区。所以应加强这些重点国家入境旅客的登革热检疫工作,减少病例的输入。

Objective Describe the dengue fever prevalence, distribution and characteristics, in order to provide the scientific suggestion for the prevention and control of dengue fever. Methods Use the data of dengue fever from China Information system for disease control and prevention to analyse dengue fever by method of descriptive epidemiology. Results dengue cases were reported 3,044 cases in China in 2005-2012, and the largest number of cases are 1045 cases and the highest incidence is 0.0798/10 million in 2006; eases are mainly concentrated in Guangdong province （2181 eases）, Zhejiang province （252 cases）,Fujian province （210 cases） and other regions; the occupation of most cases is families and the unemployed cases （526 cases, 17.82%）,and the secondly is farmer （452 cases,14.85%）,the thirdly is worker（393 cases,12.91%）; the male are 1608 cases （52.83%） and women are 1436 cases （47.17%）,the ratio of male to female is 1.12 ： 1 ,The total of 47 dengue fever outbreak in 2005-2012 ,involving 1829 cases, and the 29 outbreaks in Guangdong province , involving 1567 cases.229 cases were imported from foreign country in 2005-2012, the largest number of cases are 50 cases in 2008, imported areas are mainly concentrated in Yunnan province （71 cases, 31.00%）, Guangdong province （62 cases, 27.07%） and other regions; mainly occupation is business （48 cases, 20.96%）; majority of cases came from Asia, especially Southeast Asia （168 cases, 73.36%）, the ratio of male to female is 2 ： 1 among imported cases. Conclusion The persistent epidemic of Dengue fever has not been effectively established in China; cases are mainly concentrated in Guangdong province, Zhejiang province and Fujian province; the occupation of cases are mainly families and their unemployed, farmer and workers; men cases are more than women cases. The outbreaks mainly concentrated in Guangdong; so it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring and control the dengue cases, and pay attention to the work of mosquito controlling, in order to prevent dengue fever outbreak, occupation of imported cases are mainly business and travel, the cases are mainly derived from Southeast Asia ,so we should strengthen quarantine to these key national passengers, in order to reduce imported cases.