从新德里到菩提迦耶——北印度佛教美术遗迹考察笔记

From New Delhi to Bodhgaya:The Fieldnotes on Bhuddist Sites and Art Heritage of Northern India

印度是世界宗教发祥地之一,宗教与印度社会、政治经济和文化有着密切的关系,它深入到印度民众生活的各方面。宗教性可以称为印度艺术最本质、最典型的特征。宗教的主旨是禁欲的,但在印度古代艺术中却体现了与之相悖的一面:纵欲性;禁欲与纵欲的协调构成了印度古代艺术的一大特色。印度艺术虽以写实为主,但艺术家们在造型上做了浪漫主义的创造与发挥,音乐的节奏感很强,在夸张变形中融入音乐般的节奏感。印度艺术融合了许多民族的艺术养分,是多民族文化艺术的融合。

India is one of the cradles for worldwide religion. Religion is closely related to Indian society, politics, econo- my and culture, permeating every aspect of Indian people＇s life. The most essential and typical feature of Indian arts is to be religious. Though to be religious is to be abstinent, the ancient Indian arts displayed a rahter inconsistent aspect of intemperance. The harmony beteween abstinence and inpemperance becomes one great feature of ancient Indian arts. Though Indian arts are mainly realistic, artists made romantic creation and elaboration in statue - molding integrated strong musical rhythm into the exaggerating transfiguration. Indian arts are the integration of multi - national cuhure and arts by assimilating the artistic essence of many nations.