国内消费市场葡萄酒与啤酒中生物胺污染水平的分析

Analysis of Biogenic Amines in Wine and Beer in Chinese Markets

研究建立一种同时检测葡萄酒和啤酒中8种生物胺的高效液相色谱法,对国内消费市场部分葡萄酒和啤酒中生物胺的污染情况进行分析。结果显示:在所有酒类样品中均未检出色胺;从干红葡萄酒中检出其它生物胺,如腐胺检出率100%,其次为β-苯乙胺;干白葡萄酒中的生物胺主要为腐胺,还检出微量的β-苯乙胺,其它生物胺未检出。国产与进口葡萄酒样品中生物胺污染水平无显著差异(P>0.05)。啤酒中常见的生物胺是腐胺、酪胺、亚精胺和尸胺,组胺含量低于2 mg/L。国产葡萄酒、啤酒及进口葡萄酒中生物胺污染水平较低,具有良好的生物胺安全性。本方法灵敏度高,重现性好,是测定葡萄酒和啤酒中生物胺含量的有效方法。

In the paper,an improved RP-HPLC method was developed for the quantitation of eight biogenic amines（Tryptamine,Phenylethylamine,Putrescine,Cadaverine,Histamine,Tyramine,Spermidine,and Spermine） in wine and beer.Eight biogenic amines were analyzed in 38 samples of domestic wine,33 samples of wine from eleven countries,and 26 samples of domestic beer.Tryptamine was not found in any of the samples.β-Phenylethylamine,Putrescine,Cadaverine,Histamine,Tyramine,Spermidine,and Spermine were found in the Chinese red wine samples.Most of the red wines presented low concentrations（less than 8 mg/l）.Tryptamine was not found in any of the red wine samples.Putrescine was detected in all samples（100%）,followed by β-Phenylethylamine（84.2%）,Spermidine（60.5%）,Histamine（57.8%）,Tyramine（57.8%）,Cadaverine（47.4%）,and Spermine（36.8%）.Putrescine and β-Phenylethylamine were found in white wines,meanwhile the other biogenic amines were not found.The mean total biogenic amines in imported wine sample slightly higher than the domestic wine.The primary biogenic amines in Chinese beer were Putrescine,Tyramine,Spermidine,and Cadaverine.These beers presented contents of Histamine lower than 2 mg/L.With the merits of high sensitivity,precision and well repeatability,the method was feasible for the determination of biogenic amines in wine and beer.Domestic wine,beer and wine importing are safe for the lower biogenic amines content in them.