强制医疗程序的诉讼化建构——基于强制医疗程序行政化色彩的分析

Litigation Construction of Mandatory Medical Procedures——Analysis based on administrative mandatory medical procedure

依法不负刑事责任的精神患者强制医疗程序,是指实施了违法行为已达到犯罪程度,但囿于行为人在实施危害行为时处于精神疾病状态,实施危害行为不受其主观意志左右,因此根据主客观相一致的原则,而不对其进行处罚,不让其承担刑事责任。但是,如果不对该精神病患者采取相应的措施,则可能会出现该精神病患者继续实施危害他人生命、财产安全等现象。基于国家父权主义、警察权的防卫功能以及出于对精神患者权利的保障,我们有必要对强制医疗程序进行严密探讨,尤其是使其减少目前比较浓厚的行政化色彩,而充分发挥具有刑事诉讼的"诉讼化"本质特征,并且按照该本质能够良性运行。

The mandatory medical procedure aims to the mentally ill with no criminal liability. When the mentally ill commits a crime while he is in the state of being ill, he cannot control his action. Therefore, according to the principle that the subject should be in accordance with the object, he will not be punished and will not take any criminal responsibility. However, if we do not take any measures to prevent him from committing a crime, he may continue to endanger people＇s life and property＇s safety. Based on the State paternalism,, the defense capability of the police power and the right protection of the mentally ill, we need to closely investigate the mandatory medical procedure, especially to reduce its administrative features and let it fully develop its essential characteristic of the criminal litigation procedure. And we should make sure that it can operate according to this essential characteristic.