内蒙古镶黄旗生态补偿政策的研究

Ecological Compensation Policy of Xianghuang Banner in Inner Mongolia

当前由于过度利用及气候因素的影响,我国草原退化、沙化现象日益严重,草原生态环境日益脆弱,居民生活水平遭遇严重考验。鉴于此,国家对草原生态治理及保护项目投入日益增多,各层面对于草原生态补偿机制研究及管理、实践都极为关注。本文通过查阅国内现有生态补偿机制原理与补贴政策,以内蒙古自治区锡林郭勒盟镶黄旗为例,对当地草地资源及牧户生活状况进行了调研。结果表明:现有生态补偿机制是极为必要与合理的,但仍然需要加大补偿力度。在制定相应的草原生态补偿措施时,应重视社会经济条件对生态的影响,以保护和提高牧民的利益。

Grassland degradation and desertification is increasingly serious due to the excessive use of grassland in China.Its ecological environment is increasingly fragile and challenges the living standards of pastoralists.Ecological management and conservation projects introduced by government are increasing and the ecological compensation mechanism of grassland has additional attention.In this article,grassland resources and the living status of people in the Xianghuang Banner of Inner Mongolia were investigated based on present ecological compensation principles and subsidy policies.Results showed that ecological compensation was currently necessary and reasonable but local farmers need more subsidies to maintain their index of living.The impacts of social and economic conditions on ecological environment should be further emphasized in order to protect and enhance the benefits of farmers as corresponding grassland ecological compensation measures were formulated.