20世纪后半期发达国家政府改革思潮及其实践述评

Ideological Trend and Practice of Governmental Reform in Developed Countries in the Second Half of the 20th Century

20世纪后半期发达国家政府改革可以归纳为"一个起点多重原因,两个模式多种版本,三个领域多个阶段,四个特点影响深远"。所谓"一个起点",是指以凯恩斯主义为主导的政府模式;"两个模式"是指美英模式与莱茵模式;"三个领域"是指政府功能的重新定位、政府公共服务的提供方式以及政府内部管理体制改革;"四个特点"是指主体的广泛性与内容的全面性、各国改革取向的一致性、改革相对于以往政府模式的逆反性激进性、改革进程的延续性。

In the second half of the 20th century, in the developed countries, governmental reform can be summarized as ＂A starting point and multiple reasons, Two models and many versions, Three areas and multiple stages, Four characteristics and far-reaching influence. ＂ The so-called ＂a starting point＂, refers to the government dominated by Keynesian model. ＂Two modes＂ refers to American and British mode and Rhine mode. ＂Three areas＂ refers to the repositioning of the government function, the government to pro- vide public services and how the government internal management system reform. ＂Four characteristics＂ refers to the universality of the main body and comprehensiveness of contents, the consistency of the reform o- rientation, the negativeness and progressiveness of the reform pattern relative to the previous government, the continuity of the reform process.