城市绿地生态综合评价体系构建及实证分析

An Empirical Analysis and the Establishment of a Comprehensive Evaluation Index System of Urban Green Space Ecosystem

通过文献研究构建城市绿地生态综合评价备选指标集,合公众调查和专家咨询对指标集进行修改完善,最后筛选组建一套涵盖城市绿地数量、结构特征和质量等方面的综合评价指标;在专家打分基础上结合层次分析法确定了各指标权重。选择杭州市作为案例,收集杭州市2009-2011年城市绿地的统计、调查数据,以及遥感监测的分析数据,将数据进行标准化处理,得到杭州市城市绿地空间合理性、质量优良性、结构适宜度综合评价结果。杭州市2009年、2010年和2011年城市绿地生态综合评价值分别为2.80,2.79和2.82。通过将评价结果与杭州市绿地实际遥感监测数据、文献资料和公众意见进行比较,综合分析认为,杭州市城市绿地生态系统总体处于良好稳定的水平,各类绿地面积和人均绿地享有面积较多,绿地质量较好,各类绿地结构配置趋于合理,绿地分布更加均等化。文章的研究为促进杭州市城市绿地生态系统完善、结构优化、功能更好发挥提供了重要的理论和实证研究支撑,也为同类地区城市生态系统功能评价和完善提供借鉴。

Through literature review, an alternative index set of ecological comprehensive evaluation of urban green space has been established ; and this index set has been revised and improved, combined with public surveys and expert consultation. After screening, a final collection of a comprehensive evaluation that covered a series of indicators including quantity, structural features and quality of urban green space has been selected. Meanwhile, based upon expert scoring, weights in each index have been determined using Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP）. Taken Hangzhou City as an example, this paper standardizes the collection of statistical survey data of urban green space from 2009 to 2011 and the processed data from remote sensing. Evaluation results regarding spatial rationality, performance on quality and structural suitability of green space have been achieved via data standardization. Results reveal that evaluation values from 2009 to 2011 are 2.80, 2.79 and 2.82 respectively; synthetically speaking, there is a steady tendency of ecosystem of urban green space in Hangzhou, with a higher quantity of green space of different sorts and green space per capita, a better quality and a more rationally and equally distribution. Research of this paper is of great importance to support the theoretical analysis and empirical study in promoting the perfection of ecosystem, the structural improvement and a better function of Hangzhou urban green space, as well as to provide reference to similar areas for the evaluation and improvement of the urban ecosystem function.