基于碳排放约束的城市非农用地生态效率及影响因素分析

Urban Non-agricultural Eco-efficiency and Affecting Factors Based on Carbon Emission

伴随着城市化水平的提高,农地非农化的趋势不可逆转。为了缓解农地非农化导致的温室效应,提升它的利用效率是可选择的途径之一。建立结合DEA技术的Malmquist指数模型,借助MATLAB软件计算出1999-2010年全国28个省区市碳排放约束条件下的城市非农用地动态效率值;再利用面板数据,采用广义最小二乘法分析影响城市非农用地生态效率的因素。研究发现,①加入碳排放约束条件后,中国东中西三大区域之间城市非农用地的生态效率相近,区域之间没有实行耕地占补平衡的必要性;②非农用地的生态效率与经济发展、非农用地利用强度之间是正相关关系,与开放度是负向关关系,与所有制结构的关系不确定,与城市的创新能力无直接关系。因此,一方面城市非农用地利用中要考虑环境约束条件,另一方面应高度重视城市非农用地生态效率的影响因素,实现高效利用城市非农用地资源的目标。

The trend of the agricultural land conversion is irreversible with the improvement of the level of the urbanization. In order to alleviate the greenhouse effect caused by the farmland conversion, to enhance its efficiency of utilization is one of the alternative ways. The Malmquist Index Model combined with DEA technology was set up to calculate 28 Chinese provinces＇ dynamic efficiency value of the urban non-agricultural land under the carbon emission constraints from 1999 to 2009 through the MATLAB software. Then, the Panel Data and the GLS were used to analyze the factors which affect the eco-efficiency of the urban non-agricultural land. The results revealed that 1 ） the eco-effieiency of the urban non-agricultural land is similar to each other in three regions under the CO2 emission constraints. It was unnecessary to carry out the balance of arable land among regions. 2） The eco-efficieney of the non-agricultural land was positively associated with the economic development as well as its intensity of utilization, and negatively associated with its openness. Besides, there was an ambiguous relationship with the ownership structure and was no direct relationship with the innovation ability of the city. Therefore, both the environmental constraints and the factors restricting the eco-efficiency of the urban non- agricultural land should be considered and focused on so as to realize the aim of the efficient utilization of urban non-agricultural land